[135] According to the International Religious Freedom Report 2008, while Muslim Djiboutians have the legal right to convert to or marry someone from another faith, converts may encounter negative reactions from their family and clan or from society at large, and they often face pressure to go back to Islam. [1], Radio Television of Djibouti is the state-owned national broadcaster. [1] Movie theaters include the Odeon Cinema in the capital. The 2005 excavations[citation needed] yielded abundant ceramics that enabled us to define one Neolithic cultural facies of this region, which was also identified at the nearby site of Asa Koma. )from consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. The territory was declared an independent nation in 1977 and changed its name to the Republic of Djibouti While Djibouti is an independent sovereign . Muslim Wedding Cards In Djibouti. A lot of Djibouti's original art is passed on and preserved orally, mainly through song. Djibouti has a population of about 921,804 inhabitants. )biomass and waste: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est. David Styan "Djibouti and Small State Agency in the Maritime Silk Road: The Domestic and International Foundations" (2020). In 1884-85, French involvement was formalised with the creation of the protectorates of Obock and Tadjoura, subsequently known as French Somaliland. [65][70], A third independence referendum was held in the French Territory of the Afars and the Issas on 8 May 1977. ), total: 25,053 (2020 est. This forest area is the main habitat of the endangered and endemic Djibouti francolin (a bird), and another recently noted vertebrate, Platyceps afarensis (a colubrine snake). The religious majority in Djibouti is made up of followers of Islam. The legal system is a blend of French civil law and customary law (Xeer) of the Somali and Afar peoples. However, with the ethnic composition of the country consisting mostly of Somalis (60%) and Afars (35%), these groups languages are also widely spoken. Through close contacts with the adjacent Arabian Peninsula for more than 1,000 years, the Somali and Afar ethnic groups in the region became among the first populations on the continent to embrace Islam. )consumption: -62.6 million kWh (2019 est. )imports: 0 cubic meters (2021 est. Djibouti Brunei Maldives Other 10 Non Muslim Country List: (But Muslims are the second largest) Togo Uganda Mozambique Guyana Suriname Ivory Coast Benin Gabon Guinea-Bissau Cameroon The list of the 10 most populous Muslim countries in the world has been included. In 1975 the African People's League for the Independence (LPAI) and FLCS met in Kampala, Uganda with several meeting later they finally opted for independence path, causing tensions with Somalia. [29], The Macrobians () were a legendary people and kingdom positioned in the Horn of Africa mentioned by Herodotus. Djibouti's strategic location by the Bab-el-Mandeb Strait, which separates the Gulf of Aden from the Red Sea and controls the approaches to the Suez Canal, has made it a desirable location for foreign military bases. The majority, more than 500,000 people, live in the capital, Djibouti city. 15. National Languages: Somali, Afar, Arabic )carbon dioxide emissions: 0.62 megatons (2016 est. [123] In 2002 electrical power output was put at 232 GWh, with consumption at 216 GWh. In 1999 Ismal Omar Guelleh, also of the RPP, became president, extending the electoral streak of the party. ), production: 0 cubic meters (2021 est. Zeila's two-mihrab Masjid al-Qiblatayn dates to the 7th century, and is the oldest mosque. The country has limited natural resources, industry or agricultural potential. [109] To assure a robust credit and deposit sector, the government requires commercial banks to maintain 30% of shares in the financial institution;[clarification needed] a minimum of 300 million Djiboutian francs in up-front capital is mandatory for international banks. ), total petroleum production: 0 bbl/day (2021 est. [108], Djibouti's gross domestic product expanded by an average of more than 6 percent per year, from US$341million in 1985 to US$1.5billion in 2015. The investigation reviews group leadership, religious affiliation, sources of finance, and the groups objectives within the country. He is a consultant with an established track record. Nonetheless, it continues to post impressive results. [144][145], About 94% of Djibouti's male population have also reportedly undergone male circumcision, a figure in line with adherence to Islam, which requires this. In terms of metals and minerals, it contains deposits of gold, granite, limestone and marble. Identification. [22], Cut stones dated about 3 million years old have been collected in the area of Lake Abbe. [54][129], Djibouti is a multilingual nation. [127] The remaining 5% of Djibouti's population primarily consists of Yemeni Arabs, Ethiopians and Europeans (French and Italians). Ties to religious groups considered extremist, strong political agendas, and relations with unfriendly foreign nations are factors that could cause a groups application to be rejected. Whale sharks regularly visit the coast of Djibouti. The majority of it sits at a relatively low elevation, below 1,700 feet (520 metres). Spicy dishes come in many variations, from the traditional Fah-fah or "Soupe Djiboutienne" (spicy boiled beef soup), to the yetakelt wet (spicy mixed vegetable stew). [105] The port also serves as an international refueling center and transshipment hub. Coordinator for the Arctic Region, Deputy Secretary of State for Management and Resources, Office of Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization, Under Secretary for Arms Control and International Security, Bureau of Arms Control, Verification and Compliance, Bureau of International Security and Nonproliferation, Under Secretary for Civilian Security, Democracy, and Human Rights, Bureau of Conflict and Stabilization Operations, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs, Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration, Office of International Religious Freedom, Office of the Special Envoy To Monitor and Combat Antisemitism, Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons, Under Secretary for Economic Growth, Energy, and the Environment, Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs, Office of the Science and Technology Adviser, Bureau of the Comptroller and Global Financial Services, Bureau of Information Resource Management, Office of Management Strategy and Solutions, Bureau of International Organization Affairs, Bureau of South and Central Asian Affairs, Under Secretary for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs, U.S. Lonce Lagarde deployed a patrol sloop to Tadjoura the following night. A small but important country, Djibouti benefits from its highly strategic location. The country occupies an area of about 8,958 square miles. ), municipal: 16 million cubic meters (2017 est. Djibouti has few natural resources and little industry. )industrial: 0 cubic meters (2017 est. (Up to that time French ships had to buy coal at the British port of Aden across the gulf, an unwise dependency in case of war.) )note: data are in 2017 dollars, agriculture: 2.4% (2017 est. The country emerged from a decade-long civil war at the end of the 1990s, with the government and the Front for the Restoration of Unity and Democracy (FRUD) signing a peace treaty in 2000. 2020 Report on International Religious Freedom: Djibouti, An official website of the United States Government. The country is surrounded by Somalia to the southeastern side, Ethiopia to the south and west, and Eritrea to the north. It lies between latitudes 11 and 14N and longitudes 41 and 44E, at the northernmost point of the Great Rift Valley. Several well-developed Somali forms of verse include the gabay, jiifto, geeraar, wiglo, 'buraanbur, beercade, afarey and guuraw. )177.72 (2014 est. Today, the majority of this religious population follows the Sunni denomination which has also influenced local laws, customs, and architecture. From 2004 to 2005 to 200708, net enrollments of girls in primary school rose by 18.6%; for boys, it increased 8.0%. In September 2015 the two countries signed a $1.55bn deal for a new 550-km pipeline, known as the Horn of Africa Pipeline, transporting fuel between central Ethiopia and the Djibouti coast, including a 950,000-barrel storage capacity in Damerjog. )imports: 0 metric tons (2020 est. One may assume these are mainly Arab countries, existing solely in the Middle . Foreign relations of Djibouti are managed by the Djiboutian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation. The under 5 mortality rate per 1,000 births is 95 and the neonatal mortality as a percentage of under 5's mortality are 37. Many nomadic people wear a loosely wrapped white cotton robe called a tobe that goes down to about the knee, with the end thrown over the shoulder (much like a Roman toga). Guinea, Djibouti, and Egypt also have more than 90% of their women between the same ages going for circumcision. The population is predominantly Muslim (94 percent) and six percent Christians but there is tremendous religious tolerance and peaceful co-existence. The President swears an Islamic religious oath. ), 610,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. [90] The lease payments added up to more than 5% of Djibouti's GDP of US$2.3 billion in 2017. )subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 44 (2020 est. )investment in fixed capital: 41.8% (2017 est. Diego Pautasso "The role of Africa in the New Maritime Silk Road" In: Brazilian Journal of African Studies, v.1, n.2, Jul./Dec. From 1862 until 1894, the land to the north of the Gulf of Tadjoura was called "Obock". Muslim and non-Muslim foreign religious groups must also gain approval from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to operate in the country. Language in Djibouti The official languages are Arabic and French. The public school system is secular. [12] The referendum was again marred by reports of vote rigging on the part of the French authorities. The SEA-ME-WE 3 submarine cable operates to Jeddah, Suez, Sicily, Marseille, Colombo, Singapore and beyond. After the Italian invasion and occupation of Ethiopia in the mid-1930s, constant border skirmishes occurred between French forces in French Somaliland and Italian forces in Italian East Africa. Limited arable land and potable water, as well as increasing desertification, remain significant challenges for the country. Scant rainfall and less than 4% arable land limits crop production to small quantities of fruits and vegetables, and most food must be imported. The mean daily maximum temperatures range from 32 to 41C (90 to 106F), except at high elevations. [citation needed], Pottery predating the mid-2nd millennium has been found at Asa Koma, an inland lake area on the Gobaad Plain. [citation needed] In the Gobaad plain (between Dikhil and Lake Abbe), the remains of a Palaeoloxodon recki elephant were also discovered, visibly butchered using basalt tools found nearby. . )government consumption: 29.2% (2017 est. Since 2014, the Ministry of Islamic and Cultural Affairs has overseen all Islamic matters, and mosques have little operational independence. In 1894, Lonce Lagarde established a permanent French administration in the city of Djibouti and named the region French Somaliland. The country has declared a reservation regarding proselytizing in open public spaces. Safety. It is one of the legendary peoples postulated at the extremity of the known world (from the perspective of the Greeks), in this case in the extreme south, contrasting with the Hyperboreans in the extreme east. [43][44] Ifat established bases in Djibouti and Somaliland, and from there expanded southward to the Ahmar Mountains. Some Christian religions are represented in Djibouti, including Eastern Orthodoxy and Roman Catholicism. It also contains many species of woody and herbaceous plants, including boxwood and olive trees, which account for 60% of the total identified species in the country. In the late 19th century, the colony of French Somaliland was established following treaties signed by the ruling Dir Somali sultans with the French,[10][11][12] and its railroad to Dire Dawa (and later Addis Ababa) allowed it to quickly supersede Zeila as the port for southern Ethiopia and the Ogaden. Civil courts address the same matters for non-Muslims. [123] The geothermal potential has generated particular interest in Japan, with 13 potential sites; they have already started the construction on one site near Lake Assal. He took 100% of the votes in a 78.9% turnout. Is Djibouti an English speaking country? Almost three-quarters of the land is put to agricultural use, although nearly all of this is pasture land. Unmarried or young women, however, do not always cover their heads. [53] On March 26, 1885, the French signed another treaty with the Issas where the latter would become a protectorate under the French, no monetary exchange occurred and Issa clan did not sign away any of their rights to the land, the agreement was to kick the Gadebuursi, who were against the French, and the Isaaq from the country with the help of the French. Almost a decade later, in a 1967 referendum, the country once again voted to remain part of France and was renamed the Territory of the Afars and the Issas. It is likewise an active participant in African Union, United Nations, Non-Aligned Movement, Organisation of Islamic Cooperation and Arab League affairs. Approximately 76% of local residents are urban dwellers; the remainder are pastoralists. The President, Ismal Omar Guelleh, is the prominent figure in Djiboutian politics; the head of state and commander-in-chief. Zeila is an ancient city and it was one of the earliest cities in the world to embrace Islam, shortly after the hijra. However, Egypt has the highest number of women who have undergone FGM with a total of 27.2 million women followed by Ethiopia (23.8 million), Nigeria (19.9 million), and Sudan (12.1 million). Status of Government Respect for Religious Freedom, Section III. ), number of registered air carriers: 2 (2020)inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 4, total: 3over 3,047 m: 12,438 to 3,047 m: 11,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2021), total: 101,524 to 2,437 m: 1914 to 1,523 m: 7under 914 m: 2 (2021), total: 97 km (2017) (Djibouti segment of the 756 km Addis Ababa-Djibouti railway)standard gauge: 97 km (2017) 1.435-m gauge, total: 33by type: bulk carrier 1, container ship 1, general cargo 2, oil tanker 8, other 21 (2021), Djibouti Armed Forces (FAD): Army, Navy, Air Force; Djibouti Coast Guard; Ministry of Interior: National Gendarmerie, National Police (2022)note: the National Police is responsible for security within Djibouti City and has primary control over immigration and customs procedures for all land border-crossing points, while the National Gendarmerie is responsible for all security outside of Djibouti City, as well as for protecting critical infrastructure within the city, such as the international airport, 3.5% of GDP (2019 est.) Approximately 90% of Djibouti's land is desert. [73] That dream however was dashed towards the end of the war as Somali forces were routed from Ethiopia. It is a part of African Nations and is located in the landscapes of the Horn of Africa. )exports: 0 metric tons (2020 est. Currency: DJF (Djibouti Franc) China's presence in Djibouti is tied to strategic ports to ensure the security of Chinese assets. Government officials, including the president, are required to take a religious oath. Djibouti is part of the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road that runs from the Chinese coast to the Upper Adriatic region with its connections to Central and Eastern Europe. The U.S. government estimates the total population at 922,000 (midyear 2020 estimate), of which 94 percent is Sunni Muslim. Now deployed to Somalia and Sudan.[87]. Djiboutian attire reflects the region's hot and arid climate. Djibouti: Religious affiliation More than nine-tenths of the population is Muslim; nearly all adhere to the Sunni branch of Islam. In September, the Ministry of Islamic and Cultural Affairs collaborated with the Ministry of Youth and Sports to invite a well-known Somali Islamic scholar, Sheik Moustapha Ismail, to preach at several mosques and host a large event at the national stadium. The humans therefore lived by gathering, fishing and hunting. A very small percentage of native Djiboutians are Christians. The government has emphasized infrastructure development for transportation and energy and Djibouti with the help of foreign partners, particularly China has begun to increase and modernize its port capacity. During the Ogaden War, influential Issa politicians envisioned a Greater Djibouti or "Issa-land", where Djibouti's borders would extend from the Red Sea to Dire Dawa. Matters of sexual orientation and gender identity are generally not discussed publicly. ), production: 0 metric tons (2020 est. If you are looking for verified Muslim Wedding Cards suppliers in Djibouti, then Getatoz is your one-stop solution. )forest: 0.2% (2018 est. A Christian religious leader stated that he had personally received threatening and defamatory messages online. )crude oil estimated reserves: 0 barrels (2021 est. According to the International Renewable Energy Agency, geothermal power plants could reduce the cost of power generation by a margin of nearly $0.20 per KWh. [1] Djibouti also hosts a number of immigrants and refugees from neighboring states, with Djibouti City nicknamed the "French Hong Kong in the Red Sea" due to its cosmopolitan urbanism. Djibouti has an elevation range exceeding 2000 metres, running from Lac Assal, at 155 metres below sea level, to Moussa Ali, at around 2 km above sea level. The first mention of the Land of Punt dates to the 25th century BC. The official languages are French and Arabic. [144] Encouraged and performed by women in the community, FGM is primarily intended to deter promiscuity and to offer protection from assault. It lasted from 1896 until 1967, when it was renamed the Territoire Franais des Afars et des Issas (TFAI) ("French Territory of the Afars and the Issas"), after France, the colonial power, has empowered the Issas clan at the expense of the Gadabuursi. The country has declared a reservation regarding proselytizing in open public spaces. Government Practices Since 2014, the Ministry of Islamic and Cultural Affairs has overseen all Islamic matters, and mosques have little operational independence. 10 facts about Djibouti 1. Owing to its growth potential, the fishing and agro-processing sector, which represents around 15% of GDP, has also enjoyed rising investment since 2008. [47] Adal originally had its capital in the port city of Zeila, situated in the western Awdal region. The interior plateau is separated from the coastal plain by a central mountain range. [1], Djibouti is near some of the world's busiest shipping lanes, controlling access to the Red Sea and Indian Ocean. [17] Djibouti could also mean "Land of Tehuti" or "Land of Thoth (Egyptian: Djehuti/ Djehuty)", after the Egyptian Moon God.[18][19]. Since the 2000s, Djiboutian authorities have also strengthened relations with Turkey. Radiocarbon dating places this occupation at the beginning of the 2nd millennium BCE, similar in range to Asa Koma. Islam came to the region in 825. [78] Guelleh was sworn in for his second six-year term after a one-man election on 8 April 2005. According to a Christian religious leader, private schools run by non-Muslim religious groups were required to teach the Islam-focused course. Increased hydropower imports from Ethiopia, which satisfies 65% of Djibouti's demand, will play a significant role in boosting the country's renewable energy supply. While Britain developed an interest in Egypt and Sudan to the north, Yemen to the east and Somalia to the south, France established a presence in the territory that would later become Djibouti. [146], Education is a priority for the government of Djibouti. On the eastern seaboard, annual rainfall is less than 5 inches (131mm); in the central highlands, precipitation is about 8 to 16 inches (200 to 400mm). 0-14 years: 29.97% (male 138,701/female 137,588)15-24 years: 20.32% (male 88,399/female 98,955)25-54 years: 40.73% (male 156,016/female 219,406)55-64 years: 5.01% (male 19,868/female 26,307)65 years and over: 3.97% (2020 est.) The French were interested in having a coaling station for steamships, which would become especially important upon the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869. Muslim and Christian religious leaders noted traditional social networks often ostracized converts from Islam. [88] On 31 July 2011, the (13 DBLE) left Djibouti to the United Arab Emirates. Three-fourths of Djibouti's inhabitants live in the capital city; the remainder are mostly nomadic herders. However, in the next decade the youth cohort will transition to the working age population, and with the demographic growth rate likely to slow, the dependency ratio should decline to the benefit of the country. Djibouti's president, Guelleh, succeeded Hassan Gouled Aptidon in office in 1999. The impasse ended in a power-sharing agreement in 2000. The Macrobian ruler, who was elected based at least in part on stature, replied instead with a challenge for his Persian counterpart in the form of an unstrung bow: if the Persians could manage to string it, they would have the right to invade his country; but until then, they should thank the gods that the Macrobians never decided to invade their empire. [80][81], On 31 March 2013, Guelleh replaced long-serving Prime Minister Dilleita Mohamed Dilleita with former president of the Union for a Presidential Majority (UMP) Abdoulkader Kamil Mohamed. Each urban center within Djibouti has at least one Mosque for religious observations. Islam is the official religion of Djibouti. It's your world. )imports: 0 kWh (2019 est. Ethiopia (Abyssinia at the time) to a large extent followed a C. [147] As of 2012[update], the literacy rate in Djibouti was estimated at 70%.[149]. Djibouti is a predominantly Islamic country, with 94% of citizens describing themselves as Muslim and 6% as Christian. [1] Djibouti is the southernmost country on the Arabian Plate.[96]. President Ismail Omar Guelleh has served as president since 1999. The new and electrified standard gauge Addis Ababa-Djibouti Railway started operation in January 2018. [142][143] Although legally proscribed in 1994, the procedure is still widely practiced, as it is deeply ingrained in the local culture. Most of Djibouti is part of the Ethiopian xeric grasslands and shrublands ecoregion. [147], The Djiboutian educational system was initially formulated to cater to a limited pupil base. ), electrification - total population: 42% (2019)electrification - urban areas: 54% (2019)electrification - rural areas: 1% (2019), installed generating capacity: 130,000 kW (2020 est. The President exercises their executive power assisted by their appointee, the Prime Minister, Abdoulkader Kamil Mohamed. Djibouti has a dominant-party system, with the People's Rally for Progress (RPP) controlling the legislature and the executive since its foundation in 1979 (the party rules as a part of the Union for a Presidential Majority, which holds a supermajority of seats). Worth $64million, the project enabled Djibouti to export a further 5,000 tons of salt per year to markets in Southeast Asia. The population size is estimated at around 828,324 and is mainly made up of Somali and Afar ethnicities. )permanent pasture: 73.3% (2018 est. Djibouti has 195 miles of coastline. The territory was ruled through a series of sultanates. [50] As of 1997, 118 stelae were reported in the area. 6. Nearby Zeila, now in Somaliland, was the seat of the medieval Adal and Ifat Sultanates. If you're used to the bustling energy of a country like Egypt, expect to see less people on the streets than normal. Population: 872.932 (2015); urban, 77% 185mailing address: 2150 Djibouti Place, Washington DC 20521-2150telephone: [253] 21-45-30-00FAX: [253] 21-45-31-29email address and website: DjiboutiACS@state.govhttps://dj.usembassy.gov/, two equal horizontal bands of light blue (top) and light green with a white isosceles triangle based on the hoist side bearing a red five-pointed star in the center; blue stands for sea and sky and the Issa Somali people; green symbolizes earth and the Afar people; white represents peace; the red star recalls the struggle for independence and stands for unity, red star; national colors: light blue, green, white, red, name: "Jabuuti" (Djibouti)lyrics/music: Aden ELMI/Abdi ROBLEHnote: adopted 1977. ), vegetables, milk, beef, camel milk, lemons, limes, goat meat, mutton, beans, tomatoes, construction, agricultural processing, shipping, lowest 10%: 2.4%highest 10%: 30.9% (2002), revenues: 717 million (2017 est. note: data are in current year dollars$4.56 billion (2018 est.) Djibouti is a predominantly Islamic country, with 94% of citizens describing themselves as Muslim and 6% as Christian. This referendum backed independence from France. Their name is due to their legendary longevity, an average person supposedly living to the age of 120. The government requires all foreign and domestic religious groups to register by submitting an application to the Ministry of Interior, which conducts a lengthy background investigation of the group. There are 56 Muslim countries throughout the world. It serves as a key refuelling and transshipment center, and the principal maritime port for imports from and exports to neighboring Ethiopia. [89] The country also hosts the only overseas Chinese support base and the only overseas Japanese military base. Area: 23,700 sq km These nations include Niger, Indonesia, Sudan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sierra Leone, and Djibouti. It is here in Djibouti that the rift between the African Plate and the Somali Plate meet the Arabian Plate, forming a geologic tripoint. The US State Department Country Report on Human Rights Practices for 2019 points out that Djibouti's significant human rights issues included: unlawful or arbitrary killings by government agents; arbitrary detention by government agents; harsh and life-threatening prison conditions; arbitrary or unlawful interference with privacy; unjustified arrests or prosecutions of journalists; criminal libel; substantial interference with the rights of peaceful assembly and freedom of association; significant acts of corruption; and violence against women and girls with inadequate government action for prosecution and accountability, including female genital mutilation/cutting. Additionally, a Muslim woman may only marry a non-Muslim man after he converts to Islam. The hinterland is significantly less humid than the coastal regions. This is compared with 461.6 in 2008 and 606.5 in 1990. [21] Other scholars propose that the Afroasiatic family developed in situ in the Horn, with its speakers subsequently dispersing from there. [68] The FLCS was recognized as a national liberation movement by the Organization of African Unity (OAU), which participated in its financing. Neither human rights violations based on religious affiliation nor religious prisoners have been reported.
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